When we write, we all know our protagonists really, really well. We know what makes them tick, we know why they do what they do, we know how to redeem them and what will hurt them the most.
We know their black moments. We know why they are the way they are.
And that's great. It makes the character three dimensional, makes the reader love them, be involved in the story.
Many of us aren't as involved with our antagonists.
Often we don't know a lot about them. They are an afterthought, an element of crisis, but it makes them appear flat. One dimensional creatures with no other purpose than throwing a spanner in the works for our protagonist.
To pull off a great antagonist, you are going to have to invest as much — if not more — time to develop their character.
Just saying they are evil won't count.
Why are they evil? Is this evil just perceived, or real? Is the antagonist beyond redemption, or can he/she/it be saved? What made them do what they do? What happened to them to make them so nasty? Why are they working against the protagonist? A person doesn't just get up one morning and think "Ohhh… I'm really going to mess up so-and-so's life now." (Well, okay, some might.)
No.
They need a reason.
They need a good reason. One that makes sense. Maybe not to you and me, but it does to them.
They need flaws, they need strengths. They need a purpose, not just for their actions against our heroes, but a purpose for being. Everyone needs this, not just good people.
What triggered the events about to unfold? What did the hero/heroine do to make them so angry, they need to take revenge? (And that's what it's mostly about.)
I do interviews with my characters to get to know them.
I ask questions. I corner them. I ask uncomfortable, embarrassing questions. I make them tell me their deepest darkest secrets — and occasionally the only way I get at them is to tighten the thumbscrews. They don't want to talk about it, so you need to find the catalyst that will make them tell you.
(I did mention I'm nuts, right?)
Okay, maybe I'm not. That's just the way it works for me.
But the fact is… I don't just ask the hero or heroine these questions.
If there is a villain, he will get grilled as much as my protagonists.
Believe it or not… I can often emphasize with the villain, and why they do what they are about to unleash.
It doesn't mean I agree with it, but I can understand why.
That is what you need to get across to your reader. It makes it so much better when they are torn between the hero and the villain. When they can understand the reasons behind it all, when they can emphasize with your villain… when they are almost torn between who they want to win.
And when you have them caring about what happens to the villain… you can play your trump card. That's when you nail the reader right between the eyes with something they absolutely wouldn't agree with.
Their allegiance will no longer be torn — but you made the villain come alive enough for them that there is a little seed of hope that the character will be redeemed at the end — but the hero still gets to win.
(And don't forget… sometimes the hero is the villain. That's when you really need to dig deep.)
So the point of all this is really simple.
Make your reader care as much about the villain as they do about the hero, and you will up the readers involvement in the story.
Make your reader sit there and wonder.
How does it feel, when the whole world is against you, when you're cold and alone? When you have no one to turn to, when everyone hates you?
How does it feel to be the bad guy?
Don't forget, no one is truly evil, through and through, without a reason.
We are all born innocent, and what we become is a result of our surroundings.
Sometimes people can't be saved, sometimes they truly are evil to the bone.
But if you have a villain who rescues kittens, because when he was a little boy, he had a cat who provided the only comfort he ever knew… Or a villain who doesn't think twice about murdering and torturing… but who is the best dad in the world to his little daughter.
Show their facets to the reader.
Show them his face — all of it. Show it to them when it's twisted in rage. But don't forget to show it laughing with joy, crying with grief, or torn with indecision, too. If your antagonist has doubts, then show them!
Make your reader feel for all the characters in your story — not just the protagonists.
